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2020-09-17
753
Germany
Germany is leading the world in automotive industry, and now, the country is showing the electric mobility ahead. The sector is responsible for approximately one third of all e-mobility and hybrid propulsion patents globally. These developments are helping increase electric vehicle acceptance levels as vehicle range, with increasing performance levels and falling cost of vehicle ownership. Germany accounts for over 30% of all passenger cars produced and 20% of all cars registered in Europe. This important market is now turning to electric mobility as part of the country’s goal of becoming a lead market and provider for electric mobility by 2020 as a part of its long-term zero emission vision. Demand for electric vehicle is growing up quickly as range and battery costs continue to go down. The total no. of all new electric vehicle registrations has reached 200,000, supported by an infrastructure of around 7,900 AC and more than 1,400 DC charging stations, and the no. is expected to increase with the construction of 70,000 AC chargers and 7,100 DC chargers by 2022. Further, the EV registrations have more than doubled in 2017, compared to the 2016 level, and the no. is expected to touch around 1 million by 2022.
Germany’s electric mobility-friendly policy environment is making a significant contribution in increasing the value proposition of electric driving. In 2016, industry and Germany’s federal government approved a USD 1.42 billion electric vehicle subsidy program to stimulate the uptake in the electric vehicle market. As a part of direct support scheme, battery electric vehicle (BEV) purchases are subsidized by a bonus of USD 5,000, half paid by the government and half by the vehicle manufacturer. The government will also invest a further USD 400 million into the expansion of public charging infrastructure up to 2020. Further, legislation like the Electric Mobility Act already grant special privileges to electric vehicles, including the lowering or waiving of fees and exemption from certain access restrictions, to normalize the owner structure of the electric passenger car market. Also, the tax rate for employee private usage of company cars was halved to 0.5%.
Lightweight construction is a key enabling technology for manufacturing the cars of tomorrow and addressing the challenges of digital transformation, electric mobility and energy and resource efficiency. It is estimated that vehicle manufacturers will need to increase light weight component levels from 30% to 40% by 2030, in order to compensate for electric drive weight increases, more efficient engine technology and CO2 reduction goals. Germany like no other country in Europe, boasts a lightweight construction cluster network that covers the complete industry value chain.
With the growing no. of electric vehicles, it’s time to power up the charging stations also, heavily standardize and simplifies process could help the most. Germany currently has about 800 distribution grid operators and they all have different requirements and processes for charging infrastructure. On top of that, local building authorities in Germany, often take months to provide a grid operator for any specific location. Everyone should do their bit to prepare for bigger numbers, but some clear guidance at the national level would really help there. Last year, German Coalition agreement announced support for private and company charging points. All these measures can support a smooth and rapid transition to the e-mobility future, while clear and ambitious timeline for the end of internal combustion engine sales will also help in achieving the emission reduction targets for the German auto sector. The German government can best seize all the upcoming opportunities by sending a clear signal to businesses that have the clear direction of travel in a progressive electrification of road transport. This will further ensure the German auto industry remains a global leader and that customers can enjoy cleaner air and electric driving fun. Passenger electric vehicles also enjoy motor vehicle tax exemption for a period of 10 years.
Group PSA and Total, have signed an agreement for the creation of the joint venture ACC (Automotive Cells Company). With this partnership, both of the parties are setting up as a world-class player in the development and manufacture of high-performance batteries for the automotive industry from 2023. Where, Total will contribute its expertise in R&D and industrialization, and Group PSA will contribute its knowledge of the automotive market and its experience in production. The R&D center in Bordeaux and the pilot site in Nersac (France) have already started in order to develop the new high-performance lithium-ion technologies. Further, after the end of this R&D phase, mass production could be launched in two “gig factories”, in Douvrin (France) and Kaiserslautern (Germany).
By Technology Type
By Vehicle Type
Germany is the leading European market for plug-in electric car sales, whereas, Norway has the largest share of EV registrations among European countries. Plug-in electric vehicles account for more than 60% of new cars registered in Norway, which has a population of roughly 5.4 million people. Globally, plug-in vehicle sales exceeded 2 billion units in 2019. Europe’s best-selling models are Tesla’s Model 3, Nissan’s Leaf, and Renault’s Zoe, both in terms of vehicles in operations and new car registrations. Further, battery electric vehicles are the most popular among the passenger electric vehicles in the Germany. The number of charging stations available across Germany is increasing at a rapid pace, in order to provide appropriate charging infrastructure. By 2030, the number of charging points needed for electric vehicles is anticipated to reach 720,000 in Germany alone. Globally, the number of publicly available fast electric vehicle chargers came to 143,500 units in 2018. Europe Electric Vehicle market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 35% during the forecasted period i.e. 2017-2030.
With the upcoming launches of new EV models, both automakers and suppliers are increasing their global footprint in target markets by localizing the production vehicles and components. For instance, Tesla began construction of its Shanghai plant in January 2019 and successfully delivered its first locally produced EV that December. The company also plans to build its next production plant in Germany by 2021. Similarly, Volkswagen and Toyota have announced plans to set up EV plants in China. In similar development, battery-cell manufacturers are also increasing their production capacities in target markets, as total lithium-ion-battery market for EV passenger cars grew by 17.5%, to 120 gig watt hours in 2019, enough power to 2.4 million standard BEVs. Most of the new capacities will be established in Central Europe, with companies preparing to meet the demands of whole region. Further, the Chinese battery maker CATL had the largest market share in 2019, of around 28%, while its absolute capacity grew by 40%. CATL has recently continued its global expansion, signing new contracts with several OEMs and setting up a factory in Germany.
The impact to the COVID-19 outbreak looks set to accelerate the uptake of electric vehicles across whole Europe. The combined market share of EVs and plug-in hybrids increased by 6.8% in the first quarter of 2020, which is up from the 2.5% growth seen in the same quarter in 2019, and that was before big pandemic recovery stimulus plans began targeting the electric vehicle market. In contrast, total sales of new passenger plunged by 42% between mid-March and the end of May. But in the UK, battery vehicles are performing well. In May, new gasoline and diesel registrations were down by around 90% compared to the same time last year i.e. 2019. BEVs were up by 22%, tax break for corporate buyers that started in April may have helped boost the figures as well. Further, Germany’s COVID-19 stimulus package, the most substantial in Europe, has seen the country doubling its electric vehicle incentives from USD 3,370 to USD 6,800, with manufacturers adding another USD 4,000. That adds up to 10,000 for new vehicles costing less than USD 46,000 and more expensive cars are eligible for a smaller package. There are currently around 2 million electric vehicles on Europe’s roads, but this figure is forecasted to balloon to 40 million by 2030. Further, in the first five months of 2020, half of the cars sold in Norway were electric and 20% were plug-in hybrids, which means that around 70% of cars sold have a plug. Moreover, Norway’s planned phase out for internal combustion engines by 2025 is the most aggressive one in Europe, but other countries are setting targets of their own. The U.K. is also expected to meet or exceed its own 2035 ICE phase-out target, thanks to falling EV prices and increasing choices of models, along with the desire for environmentally friendly choices.
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